Interactions : אינטראקציות

4.5   Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Eliglustat is metabolised primarily by CYP2D6 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A4. Concomitant administration of substances affecting CYP2D6 or CYP3A4 activity may alter eliglustat plasma concentrations. Eliglustat is an inhibitor of P-gp and CYP2D6 in vitro; concomitant administration of eliglustat with P-gp or CYP2D6 substrate substances may increase the plasma concentration of those substances.

The list of substances in section 4.5 is not an inclusive list and the prescriber is advised to consult the SmPC of all other prescribed medicinal products for potential drug-drug interactions with eliglustat.

Agents that may increase eliglustat exposure
Cerdelga is contraindicated in patients who are CYP2D6 intermediate metabolisers (IMs) or extensive metabolisers (EMs) taking a strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor concomitantly with a strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor , and in patients who are CYP2D6 poor metabolisers (PMs) taking a strong CYP3A inhibitor (see section 4.3). Use of Cerdelga under these conditions results in substantially elevated eliglustat plasma concentrations.

CYP2D6 inhibitors
In intermediate (IMs) and extensive metabolisers (EMs):
After repeated 84 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat in non-PMs, concomitant administration with repeated 30 mg once daily doses of paroxetine, a strong inhibitor of CYP2D6, resulted in a 7.3- and 8.9-fold increase in eliglustat Cmax and AUC0-12, respectively. A dose of eliglustat 84 mg once daily should be considered when a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor (e.g. paroxetine, fluoxetine, quinidine, bupropion) is used concomitantly in IMs and EMs.

At 84 mg twice daily dosing with eliglustat in non-PMs, it is predicted that concomitant use of moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g. duloxetine, terbinafine, moclobemide, mirabegron, cinacalcet, dronedarone) would increase eliglustat exposure approximately up to 4-fold. Caution should be used with moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors in IMs and EMs.

In extensive metabolisers (EMs) with mild or moderate hepatic impairment: see sections 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4.
In extensive metabolisers (EMs) with severe hepatic impairment: see sections 4.2 and 4.3.


CYP3A inhibitors
In intermediate (IMs) and extensive metabolisers (EMs):
After repeated 84 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat in non-PMs, concomitant administration with repeated 400 mg once daily doses of ketoconazole, a strong inhibitor of CYP3A, resulted in a 3.8 and 4.3-fold increase in eliglustat Cmax and AUC0-12, respectively; similar effects would be expected for other strong inhibitors of CYP3A (e.g. clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, cobicistat, indinavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, tipranavir, posaconazole, voriconazole, telithromycin, conivaptan, boceprevir). Caution should be used with strong CYP3A inhibitors in IMs and EMs.

At 84 mg twice daily dosing with eliglustat in non-PMs, it is predicted that concomitant use of moderate CYP3A inhibitors (e.g. erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, diltiazem, verapamil, aprepitant, atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, imatinib, cimetidine) would increase eliglustat exposure approximately up to 3-fold. Caution should be used with moderate CYP3A inhibitors in IMs and EMs.

In extensive metabolisers (EMs) with mild hepatic impairment: see sections 4.2 and 4.4.

In extensive metabolisers (EMs) with moderate or severe hepatic impairment: see sections 4.2 and 4.3.
In poor metabolisers (PMs):
At 84 mg once daily dosing with eliglustat in PMs, it is predicted that concomitant use of strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g. ketoconazole, clarithromycin, itraconazole, cobicistat, indinavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir, tipranavir, posaconazole, voriconazole, telithromycin, conivaptan, boceprevir) would increase the Cmax and AUC0-24 of eliglustat 4.3- and 6.2-fold. The use of strong CYP3A inhibitors is contraindicated in PMs.

At 84 mg once daily dosing with eliglustat in PMs, it is predicted that concomitant use of moderate CYP3A inhibitors (e.g. erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, diltiazem, verapamil, aprepitant, atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, imatinib, cimetidine) would increase the Cmax and AUC0-24 of eliglustat 2.4- and 3.0-fold, respectively. Use of a moderate CYP3A inhibitor with eliglustat is not recommended in PMs.

Caution should be used with weak CYP3A inhibitors (e.g. amlodipine, cilostazol, fluvoxamine, goldenseal, isoniazid, ranitidine, ranolazine) in PMs.

CYP2D6 inhibitors used simultaneously with CYP3A inhibitors
In intermediate (IMs) and extensive metabolisers (EMs):
At 84 mg twice daily dosing with eliglustat in non-PMs, it is predicted that the concomitant use of strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitors and strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors would increase Cmax and AUC0-12 up to 17- and 25-fold, respectively. The use of a strong or moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor concomitantly with a strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor is contraindicated in IMs and EMs.

Grapefruit products contain one or more components that inhibit CYP3A and can increase plasma concentrations of eliglustat. Consumption of grapefruit or its juice should be avoided.

Agents that may decrease eliglustat exposure
Strong CYP3A inducers
After repeated 127 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat in non-PMs, concomitant administration of repeated 600 mg once daily doses of rifampicin (a strong inducer of CYP3A as well as the efflux transporter P-gp) resulted in an approximately 85% decrease in eliglustat exposure. After repeated 84 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat in PMs, concomitant administration of repeated 600 mg once daily doses of rifampicin resulted in an approximately 95% decrease in eliglustat exposure. Use of a strong CYP3A inducer (e.g. rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifabutin and St.
John’s wort) with eliglustat is not recommended in IMs, EMs and PMs.


Agents whose exposure may be increased by eliglustat
P-gp substrates
After a single 0.25 mg dose of digoxin, a P-gp substrate, concomitant administration of 127 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat resulted in a 1.7- and 1.5-fold increase in digoxin Cmax and AUClast, respectively. Lower doses of substances which are P-gp substrates (e.g. digoxin, colchicine, dabigatran, phenytoin, pravastatin) may be required.

CYP2D6 substrates
After a single 50 mg dose of metoprolol, a CYP2D6 substrate, concomitant administration of repeated 127 mg twice daily doses of eliglustat resulted in a 1.5- and 2.1-fold increase in metoprolol Cmax and AUC, respectively. Lower doses of medicinal products that are CYP2D6 substrates may be required.
These include certain antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants, e.g. nortriptyline, amitriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine), phenothiazines, dextromethorphan and atomoxetine).