Pharmacological properties : תכונות פרמקולוגיות

Pharmacodynamic Properties

5.1. Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group (ATC code): B05BB01 "Electrolytes".
Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F is an isotonic solution of electrolytes. The constituents of Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F and their concentrations are designed to match those of plasma.
The pharmacological properties of the Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F are those of its components (sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and lactate).
The main effect of Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F is the expansion of the extracellular compartment including both the interstitial fluid and the intravascular fluid.
The lactate is metabolised into bicarbonate, mainly in the liver, and produces an alkalinising effect on the plasma.
In healthy volunteers receiving Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F, central venous pressure changes were associated with a secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide.
In healthy volunteers, R i n g e r L a cta te S. A.L .F decreased serum osmolality, increased blood pH, and the time until first urination was shorter than that with normal saline. There is no significant change in glucagon, norepinephrine, epinephrine, blood glucose and insulin levels in aortic surgery patients receiving Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F.
When medication is added to Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F, the overall pharmacodynamics of the solution will depend on the nature of the drug used.

Pharmacokinetic Properties

5.2. Pharmacokinetic properties
The pharmacokinetic properties of the Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F are those of the ions its composition includes (sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride).
Infusion of Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F in normal hemodynamically stable adults does not increase circulating lactate concentrations.
The pharmacokinetics of D-lactate and L-lactate are similar.
The lactate in Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F is metabolized by both oxidation and gluconeogenesis, predominantly in the liver, and bicarbonate is generated by both processes over 1-2 h.
When medication is added to Ringer Lactate S.A.L.F, the overall pharmacokinetics of the solution will depend on the nature of the drug used.