Pharmacological properties : תכונות פרמקולוגיות

Pharmacodynamic Properties

5.1   Pharmacodynamic properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids; acetic acid derivatives and related substances, ATC code: M01AB15

Ketorolac trometamol is not an opioid analgesic. Ketorolac inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins and may be considered a peripherally-acting analgesic since it does not have known effect on opioid receptors. It is a non-steroidal drug with a weak anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity.

Pharmacokinetic Properties

5.2   Pharmacokinetic properties

Following intramuscular administration, ketorolac trometamol is rapidly and completely absorbed, a mean peak plasma concentration of 2.2mcg/ml occurring an average of 50 minutes after a single 30 mg dose of ketorolac trometamol.
More than 99% of the ketorolac trometamol in plasma is protein-bound.
The pharmacokinetics of ketorolac trometamol administered intramuscular following single or multiple doses are linear. Steady-state plasma levels are achieved after dosing every 6 hours, for one day. The terminal plasma half-life is 5.3 hours in young adults and 7 hours in elderly (mean age 72 years). No changes in clearance occurred with chronic dosing.

Hemodynamic of patient is not altered by parenteral administration of ketorolac trometamol. The primary route of excretion of ketorolac trometamol and its metabolites (conjugates and para-hydroxy metabolites) is renal (approximately 91.4%, mean), while the rest is eliminated in the faeces (6.4%, mean).